This act may be known and cited as the uniform unregulated child custody transfer act.
The definitions in this section apply throughout this chapter unless the context clearly requires otherwise.
"Child" means an unemancipated individual under 18 years of age.
"Child-placing agency" means a person with authority under chapter 74.15 RCW to identify or place a child for adoption. "Child-placing agency" does not include a parent of the child.
"Custody" has the same meaning as "physical custody" as defined in RCW 26.27.021.
"Department" means the department of children, youth, and families.
"Guardian" means a person recognized as a legal guardian under RCW 26.33.020 or under chapter 11.130 RCW.
"Intercountry adoption" means an adoption or placement for adoption of a child who resides in a foreign country at the time of adoption or placement. "Intercountry adoption" includes an adoption finalized in the child's country of residence or in a state.
"Intermediary" means a person that assists or facilitates a transfer of custody of a child, whether or not for compensation.
"Parent" has the same meaning as defined in RCW 26.26A.010.
"Person" means an individual, estate, business or nonprofit entity, public corporation, government or governmental subdivision, agency, or instrumentality, or other legal entity.
"Record" means information:
Inscribed on a tangible medium; or
Stored in an electronic or other medium and retrievable in perceivable form.
"State" means a state of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, or any other territory or possession subject to the jurisdiction of the United States. "State" includes a federally recognized Indian tribe.
This act does not apply to custody of an Indian child, as defined in the Indian child welfare act of 1978, 25 U.S.C. Sec. 1903, as amended, to the extent custody is governed by the Indian child welfare act of 1978, 25 U.S.C. Secs. 1901 through 1963, as amended.
This section, sections 202 and 203 of this act, and RCW 26.33.400 (as recodified by this act) do not apply to a transfer of custody of a child by a parent or guardian of the child to:
A parent of the child;
A stepparent of the child;
An adult who is related to the child by blood or by law;
An adult who, at the time of the transfer, had a close relationship with the child or the parent or guardian of the child for a substantial period, and whom the parent or guardian reasonably believes, at the time of the transfer, to be a fit custodian of the child;
An Indian custodian, as defined in the Indian child welfare act of 1978, 25 U.S.C. Sec. 1903, as amended, of the child;
A member of the child's customary family unit recognized by the child's Indian tribe under chapter 13.38 RCW; or
A delegation by a parent pursuant to RCW 11.130.145.
Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, a parent or guardian of a child or an individual with whom a child has been placed for adoption may not transfer custody of the child to another person with the intent, at the time of the transfer, to abandon the rights and responsibilities concerning the child.
A parent or guardian of a child or an individual with whom a child has been placed for adoption may transfer custody of the child to another person with the intent, at the time of the transfer, to abandon the rights and responsibilities concerning the child only through:
Adoption or guardianship;
Judicial award of custody;
Placement by or through a child-placing agency;
Other judicial or tribal action; or
Transfer of a newborn to a qualified person under RCW 13.34.360.
A person may not receive custody of a child, or act as an intermediary in a transfer of custody of a child, if the person knows or reasonably should know the transfer violates subsection (1) of this section. This prohibition does not apply if the person, as soon as practicable after the transfer, notifies the department or law enforcement of the transfer or takes appropriate action to establish custody under subsection (2) of this section.
Violation of this section is a gross misdemeanor.
Violation of subsection (1) of this section is not established solely because a parent or guardian that transfers custody of a child or makes a delegation pursuant to RCW 11.130.145 does not regain custody.
If the department has a reasonable basis to believe that a person has transferred or will transfer custody of a child in violation of section 202(1) of this act, the department must investigate and provide the child protective services section with a report in accordance with chapter 74.13 RCW, and where necessary refer such report to the court.
If the department conducts a home visit for a child adopted or placed through an intercountry adoption, the department shall:
Prepare a report on the welfare and plan for permanent placement of the child; and
Provide a copy to the United States department of state.
This act does not prevent the department from taking any appropriate action to protect the welfare of the child.
This section modifies existing section 26.33.400. Here is the modified chapter for context.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, "advertisement" means communication by newspaper, radio, television, handbills, placards or other print, broadcast, or the electronic medium. This definition applies throughout this section.
No person or entity shall cause to be published for circulation, or broadcast on a radio or television station, within the geographic borders of this state, an advertisement of a child or children offered or wanted for custody transfer, or shall hold himself or herself out through such advertisement as having the ability to place, locate, dispose, or receive a child or children for custody transfer unless such person or entity is:
A duly authorized agent, contractee, or employee of the department or a children's agency or institution licensed by the department to care for and place children;
A person who has a completed preplacement report as set forth in RCW 26.33.190 (1) and (2) or chapter 26.34 RCW with a favorable recommendation as to the fitness of the person to be an adoptive parent, or such person's duly authorized uncompensated agent, or such person's attorney who is licensed to practice in the state. Verification of compliance with the requirements of this section shall consist of a written declaration by the person or entity who prepared the preplacement report.
Nothing in this section prohibits an attorney licensed to practice in Washington state from advertising his or her availability to practice or provide services related to the custody transfer of children.
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A violation of subsection (2) of this section is a matter affecting the public interest and constitutes an unfair or deceptive act or practice in trade or commerce for the purpose of applying chapter 19.86 RCW.
The attorney general may bring an action in the name of the state against any person violating the provisions of this section in accordance with the provisions of RCW 19.86.080.
Nothing in this section applies to any radio or television station or any publisher, printer, or distributor of any newspaper, magazine, billboard, or other advertising medium which accepts advertising in good faith without knowledge of its violation of any provision of this section after an attempt to verify the advertising is in compliance with this section.
In applying and construing this uniform act, a court shall consider the promotion of uniformity of the law among jurisdictions that enact it.
This act modifies, limits, or supersedes the electronic signatures in global and national commerce act, 15 U.S.C. Sec. 7001 et seq., as amended, but does not modify, limit, or supersede 15 U.S.C. Sec. 7001(c), or authorize electronic delivery of any of the notices described in 15 U.S.C. Sec. 7003(b).
Sections 201 through 203 of this act and RCW 26.33.400 (as recodified by this act) apply to:
A transfer of custody on or after the effective date of this section; and
Soliciting or advertising on or after the effective date of this section.
If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the act or the application of the provision to other persons or circumstances is not affected.
RCW 26.33.400 is recodified as a section in the new chapter created in section 305 of this act.